Bipolar

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects an estimated 2.8% of the adult population.

Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition that affects an estimated 2.8% of the adult population in the United States. An estimated 4.4% of U.S. adults experience bipolar disorder at some time. Bipolar disorder is described by extreme mood swings that alternate between periods of mania or hypomania and depression.

During manic or hypomanic episodes, individuals with bipolar disorder experience elevated or irritable moods, increased energy and activity, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, grandiosity, and risky behavior. In contrast, during depressive episodes, they experience feelings of sadness, hopelessness, guilt, worthlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and even thoughts of suicide.

Bipolar disorder is typically diagnosed in adolescence or early adulthood and can significantly impact an individual’s social, academic, and occupational functioning. The exact cause of bipolar disorder is not yet fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors.

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Treatment for bipolar disorder typically involves a combination of medication and psychotherapy. Mood stabilizers, such as lithium, anticonvulsants, and atypical antipsychotics, are commonly prescribed to help regulate mood swings and prevent relapse. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, can also help individuals with bipolar disorder develop coping skills and improve their overall quality of life.

Living with bipolar disorder can be challenging, but with proper treatment and support, individuals with bipolar disorder can manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives. Individuals with bipolar disorder need to work closely with their healthcare providers, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and seek support from family and friends.